Radiyoyin da ba a iya gani, alhakin bayyane
A ranar 26 ga Afrilu, 1986 da ƙarfe 1:23 na safe, mazauna Pripyat da ke arewacin Yukren sun farka da wata babbar hayaniya. Reactor No. 4 na tashar makamashin nukiliya ta Chernobyl ya fashe, kuma tan 50 na man nukiliya ya ƙafe nan take, wanda ya sake saukowa sau 400 radiation na bam ɗin atomic na Hiroshima. Ma'aikatan da ke aiki a tashar makamashin nukiliyar da masu kashe gobara na farko da suka isa wurin sun fuskanci roentgens 30,000 na mugunyar radiation a cikin sa'a guda ba tare da wata kariya ba - kuma roentgens 400 da jikin ɗan adam ya sha ya isa ya zama mai mutuwa.
Wannan bala'i ya fara aukuwar hatsarin nukiliya mafi muni a tarihin ɗan adam. Ma'aikatan kashe gobara 28 ne suka mutu sakamakon rashin lafiya mai tsanani a cikin watanni uku masu zuwa. Sun mutu da matsanancin zafi tare da baƙar fata, ciwon baki, da asarar gashi. Sa'o'i 36 bayan hadarin, mazauna 130,000 ne aka tilastawa barin gidajensu.
Shekaru 25 bayan haka, a ranar 11 ga Maris, 2011, cibiyar makamashin nukiliya ta Fukushima Daiichi da ke Japan ta narke a tsunami da girgizar kasa ta haddasa. Wata igiyar ruwa mai tsayin mita 14 ta karya katangar tekun, kuma injiniyoyi uku sun fashe daya bayan daya, kuma tiriliyan 180 na cesium na rediyoaktif 137 nan take ya kwarara cikin tekun Pacific. Har wala yau, cibiyar makamashin nukiliyar tana adana sama da mitoci cubic miliyan 1.2 na ruwan sharar rediyo, ta zama takobin Damocles da ke rataye a kan muhallin teku.
Ciwon mara lafiya
Bayan hadarin Chernobyl, wani yanki na kilomita murabba'in kilomita 2,600 ya zama yanki na keɓewa. Masana kimiyya sun yi kiyasin cewa za a dauki dubun dubatar shekaru kafin a kawar da hasken nukiliya gaba daya a yankin, kuma wasu yankunan na iya bukatar tsawon shekaru 200,000 na tsaftar yanayi don cika ka'idojin muhallin dan Adam.
A cewar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, hadarin Chernobyl ya haifar da:
93,000 sun mutu
Mutane 270,000 sun kamu da cututtuka irin su kansar
Filayen murabba'in kilomita 155,000 sun gurɓata
Mutane miliyan 8.4 ne radiation ta shafa
A Fukushima, ko da yake hukumomi sun yi iƙirarin cewa radiation a cikin ruwan da ke kewaye ya ragu zuwa "matakin aminci", masana kimiyya har yanzu sun gano isotopes na rediyoaktif kamar carbon 14, cobalt 60 da strontium 90 a cikin ruwan sha da aka yi amfani da su a cikin 2019. Wadannan abubuwa suna da sauƙi a wadatar da kwayoyin ruwa na ruwa, da kuma yawan adadin cobalt000000 na cobalt00 seedling. sau.
Barazana mara ganuwa da kariyar bayyane
A cikin waɗannan bala'o'i, babbar barazana ta zo daidai daga radiation da ba a iya gani ga idon ɗan adam. A farkon lokacin hatsarin Chernobyl, babu ko da kayan aiki guda ɗaya da zai iya auna ƙimar radiation daidai, wanda ya haifar da ma'aikatan ceto marasa adadi suna fallasa su ga radiation mai kisa ba tare da saninsa ba.
Wadannan darussa masu radadi ne suka haifar da saurin bunkasa fasahar sa ido kan radiation. A yau, ingantattun kayan aikin sa ido na radiation sun zama "ido" da "kunne" na amincin makaman nukiliya, gina shingen fasaha tsakanin barazanar da ba a iya gani da amincin ɗan adam.
Manufar Shanghai Renji ita ce ƙirƙirar wannan "ido" guda biyu don kare lafiyar ɗan adam. Mun san cewa:
Duk ingantacciyar ma'auni na microsiverts na iya ceton rai
Kowane gargaɗin da ya dace na iya guje wa bala'in muhalli
Duk wani ingantaccen kayan aiki yana kare gidanmu na kowa
Dagamuhalli da na'ura mai kula da aikin rediyon yanki to šaukuwa radiation kayan saka idanu, Daga na'urorin auna ma'aunin dakin gwaje-gwaje zuwa na'urorin ma'auni na ionizing, daga kayan kariya na radiation zuwa dandamali na software na saka idanu na radiation, daga nau'in nau'in tashoshi na rediyo zuwa kayan aikin gaggawa na nukiliya da na'urorin sa ido na aminci, layin samfurin Renji yana rufe kowane bangare na kula da amincin nukiliya. Fasahar mu na iya gano ƴan ƙananan abubuwa na rediyoaktif, kamar dai dai gano ɗigon ruwa mara kyau a daidaitaccen wurin wanka.
Haihuwa daga bala'i: Fasaha tana kare gaba
A cikin yankin keɓancewa na Chernobyl, wolf sun samo asali na ƙwayoyin cutar kansa, kuma an yi amfani da hanyoyin rigakafin su wajen haɓaka sabbin magunguna, waɗanda ke tabbatar da cewa bala'o’i suna haɓaka juyin halitta. A karkashin inuwar bala'o'in nukiliya, haɗin fasaha da alhakin ba wai kawai ya haifar da wata mu'ujiza ta kare rayuwa ba, amma har ma da sake fasalin makomar rayuwar ɗan adam tare da radiation. Mun yi imanin cewa fasaha da alhaki na iya haifar da abubuwan al'ajabi don kare rayuwa.
Bayan hatsarin Fukushima, ƙungiyar masana kimiyya ta ƙasa da ƙasa ta kafa cibiyar sa ido kan radiyo ta trans-Pacific. Ta hanyar na'urorin ganowa masu mahimmanci, an bi diddigin hanyoyin yadawa na cesium 134 da cesium 137, suna ba da bayanai masu mahimmanci don binciken muhallin ruwa. Wannan ruhun haɗin gwiwar duniya da kariyar fasaha shine ainihin ƙimar da Renji ke ba da shawara.
hangen nesa na Shanghai Renji a bayyane yake: zama mai siffar sabbin mahalli a fagen gano radiation. "Yin hidimar al'umma tare da kimiyya da fasaha da ƙirƙirar sabon yanayin kare lafiyar radiation" shine manufarmu.
Yi kowane amfani da makamashin nukiliya lafiya kuma mai iya sarrafawa, kuma sanya kowane haɗarin radiation a bayyane a bayyane. Ba wai kawai muna samar da kayan aiki ba, har ma muna samar da cikakkiyar mafita daga sa ido zuwa bincike, ta yadda fasahar nukiliya za ta iya amfanar ɗan adam da gaske cikin aminci.
An rubuta a karshen
Bala'i na nukiliya na tarihi ya gargaɗe mu: makamashin nukiliya kamar takobi mai kaifi biyu ne. Sai da tsoro da garkuwar fasaha za mu iya amfani da ƙarfinta.
Kusa da kango na Chernobyl, wani sabon daji yana girma sosai. A gabar tekun Fukushima, masunta sun sake jefa tarunsu na bege. Duk wani mataki da dan Adam ya dauka daga cikin bala'i ba ya rabuwa da riko da aminci da dogaro da fasaha.
Shanghai Renji a shirye take ta zama mai kula da wannan doguwar tafiya - don gina layin tsaro tare da ingantattun kayan aiki da kuma kare martabar rayuwa tare da kirkire-kirkire. Domin kowane ma'aunin milliroentgen yana ɗaukar girmamawa ga rayuwa; kowane shiru na ƙararrawa haraji ne ga hikimar ɗan adam.
Radiation ba ya gani, amma kariya tana iyaka!
Radiyoyin da ba a iya gani, alhakin bayyane
A ranar 26 ga Afrilu, 1986 da ƙarfe 1:23 na safe, mazauna Pripyat da ke arewacin Yukren sun farka da wata babbar hayaniya. Reactor No. 4 na tashar makamashin nukiliya ta Chernobyl ya fashe, kuma tan 50 na man nukiliya ya ƙafe nan take, wanda ya sake saukowa sau 400 radiation na bam ɗin atomic na Hiroshima. Ma'aikatan da ke aiki a tashar makamashin nukiliyar da masu kashe gobara na farko da suka isa wurin sun fuskanci roentgens 30,000 na mugunyar radiation a cikin sa'a guda ba tare da wata kariya ba - kuma roentgens 400 da jikin ɗan adam ya sha ya isa ya zama mai mutuwa.
Wannan bala'i ya fara aukuwar hatsarin nukiliya mafi muni a tarihin ɗan adam. Ma'aikatan kashe gobara 28 ne suka mutu sakamakon rashin lafiya mai tsanani a cikin watanni uku masu zuwa. Sun mutu da matsanancin zafi tare da baƙar fata, ciwon baki, da asarar gashi. Sa'o'i 36 bayan hadarin, mazauna 130,000 ne aka tilastawa barin gidajensu.
Shekaru 25 bayan haka, a ranar 11 ga Maris, 2011, cibiyar makamashin nukiliya ta Fukushima Daiichi da ke Japan ta narke a tsunami da girgizar kasa ta haddasa. Wata igiyar ruwa mai tsayin mita 14 ta karya katangar tekun, kuma injiniyoyi uku sun fashe daya bayan daya, kuma tiriliyan 180 na cesium na rediyoaktif 137 nan take ya kwarara cikin tekun Pacific. Har wala yau, cibiyar makamashin nukiliyar tana adana sama da mitoci cubic miliyan 1.2 na ruwan sharar rediyo, ta zama takobin Damocles da ke rataye a kan muhallin teku.
Ciwon mara lafiya
Bayan hadarin Chernobyl, wani yanki na kilomita murabba'in kilomita 2,600 ya zama yanki na keɓewa. Masana kimiyya sun yi kiyasin cewa za a dauki dubun dubatar shekaru kafin a kawar da hasken nukiliya gaba daya a yankin, kuma wasu yankunan na iya bukatar tsawon shekaru 200,000 na tsaftar yanayi don cika ka'idojin muhallin dan Adam.
A cewar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, hadarin Chernobyl ya haifar da:
93,000 sun mutu
Mutane 270,000 sun kamu da cututtuka irin su kansar
Filayen murabba'in kilomita 155,000 sun gurɓata
Mutane miliyan 8.4 ne radiation ta shafa
Lokacin aikawa: Juni-20-2025