A {asar Amirka, kashi biyu bisa uku na na'urorin da ake amfani da su, suna da matsi na ruwa (PWR) yayin da sauran su ne masu sarrafa ruwan tafasa (BWR).A cikin injin da ke tafasa ruwa, wanda aka nuna a sama, ana barin ruwan ya tafasa ya zama tururi, sannan a tura shi ta injin turbine don samar da wutar lantarki.
A cikin magudanar ruwa da aka matsa, ana gudanar da ruwa mai mahimmanci a ƙarƙashin matsin lamba kuma ba a yarda ya tafasa ba.Zafin yana canjawa zuwa ruwa a waje da tsakiya tare da na'urar musayar zafi (wanda ake kira mai samar da tururi), tafasa ruwan waje, samar da tururi, da kuma kunna injin turbine.A cikin magudanar ruwa, ruwan da aka tafasa ya bambanta da tsarin fission, don haka ba ya zama rediyoaktif.
Bayan an yi amfani da tururi don kunna injin turbin, ana sanyaya shi don mayar da shi cikin ruwa.Wasu tsire-tsire suna amfani da ruwa daga koguna, tabkuna ko teku don kwantar da tururi, yayin da wasu ke amfani da doguwar hasumiya mai sanyaya.Hasumiya mai sanyaya mai siffar gilashin sa'o'i sune sanannen wuraren da aka saba da su na yawancin tsire-tsire na nukiliya.Ga kowace naúrar wutar lantarki da tashar makamashin nukiliya ke samarwa, kusan raka'a biyu na zafin sharar gida ba a ƙi su ga muhalli.
Tashoshin makamashin nukiliya na kasuwanci suna da girma daga kimanin megawatts 60 na ƙarni na farko na tsirrai a farkon shekarun 1960, zuwa sama da megawatt 1000.Yawancin tsire-tsire sun ƙunshi reactor fiye da ɗaya.Kamfanin na Palo Verde da ke Arizona, alal misali, yana da injina daban-daban guda uku, kowanne yana da karfin megawatt 1,334.
Wasu ƙirar reactor na ƙasashen waje suna amfani da masu sanyaya banda ruwa don ɗaukar zafin fission daga ainihin.Reactors na Kanada suna amfani da ruwan da aka ɗora da deuterium (wanda ake kira "ruwa mai nauyi"), yayin da wasu kuma ana sanyaya gas.Ɗaya daga cikin tsire-tsire a Colorado, wanda yanzu ke rufewa, ya yi amfani da iskar helium a matsayin mai sanyaya (wanda ake kira High Temperature Gas Cooled Reactor).Wasu tsire-tsire suna amfani da ƙarfe na ruwa ko sodium.
Lokacin aikawa: Nov-11-2022